Li$_{2}$WO$_{4}$ (V) Structure: A2B4C_aP28_2_4i_8i_2i-001
| Prototype | Li$_{2}$O$_{4}$W |
| AFLOW prototype label | A2B4C_aP28_2_4i_8i_2i-001 |
| ICSD | 46287 |
| CCDC | 2126944 |
| Pearson symbol | aP28 |
| Space group number | 2 |
| Space group symbol | $P\overline{1}$ |
| AFLOW prototype command |
aflow --proto=A2B4C_aP28_2_4i_8i_2i-001
--params=$a, \allowbreak b/a, \allowbreak c/a, \allowbreak \alpha, \allowbreak \beta, \allowbreak \gamma, \allowbreak x_{1}, \allowbreak y_{1}, \allowbreak z_{1}, \allowbreak x_{2}, \allowbreak y_{2}, \allowbreak z_{2}, \allowbreak x_{3}, \allowbreak y_{3}, \allowbreak z_{3}, \allowbreak x_{4}, \allowbreak y_{4}, \allowbreak z_{4}, \allowbreak x_{5}, \allowbreak y_{5}, \allowbreak z_{5}, \allowbreak x_{6}, \allowbreak y_{6}, \allowbreak z_{6}, \allowbreak x_{7}, \allowbreak y_{7}, \allowbreak z_{7}, \allowbreak x_{8}, \allowbreak y_{8}, \allowbreak z_{8}, \allowbreak x_{9}, \allowbreak y_{9}, \allowbreak z_{9}, \allowbreak x_{10}, \allowbreak y_{10}, \allowbreak z_{10}, \allowbreak x_{11}, \allowbreak y_{11}, \allowbreak z_{11}, \allowbreak x_{12}, \allowbreak y_{12}, \allowbreak z_{12}, \allowbreak x_{13}, \allowbreak y_{13}, \allowbreak z_{13}, \allowbreak x_{14}, \allowbreak y_{14}, \allowbreak z_{14}$ |
- Li$_{2}$WO$_{4}$ is found in a variety of phases at different pressures and temperatures (Yamaoka, 1973; Pistorius, 1975):
- Li$_{2}$WO$_{4}$(I), which is in the Phenakite ($S1_{3}$) structure, is stable at low pressures and temperatures above 300$^\circ$C.
- Tetragonal Li$_{2}$WO$_{4}$(II) is the ground state, and is stable below a line from (300$^\circ$C, 0 kBar) to (650$^\circ$C, 2 kBar) to (550$^\circ$C, 12 kBar) to (380$^\circ$C, 15 kBar).
- Orthorhombic Li$_{2}$WO$_{4}$(III) is the high temperature structure for all pressures above phases II and IV. Its exact crystal structure has not been determined. It has been conjectured to be in space group $Pna2_{1}$ #33, $Pnnm$ #58 or $Cmmm$ #65.
- Monoclinic Li$_{2}$WO$_{4}$(IV), stable at pressures higher than phase II and temperatures lower than phase III.
- Later (Hämmer, 2022) determined the structure of triclinic Li$_{2}$WO$_{4}$ (V) (this structure), which may be the phase (Belyaev, 1961) observed at ambient pressure above 660$^\circ$C.
\[ \begin{array}{ccc}
\mathbf{a_{1}}&=&a \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}\\\mathbf{a_{2}}&=&b \cos{\gamma} \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+b \sin{\gamma} \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}\\\mathbf{a_{3}}&=&c_{x} \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+c_{y} \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}\\c_{x} & = & c \cos{\beta} \\ c_{y} & = & c (\cos{\alpha} - \cos{\beta}\cos{\gamma}) / {\sin{\gamma}} \\ c_{z} & = & \sqrt{c^2 - c_{x}^2- c_{y}^2}
\end{array}\]
Basis vectors
| Lattice coordinates | Cartesian coordinates | Wyckoff position | Atom type | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $\mathbf{B_{1}}$ | = | $x_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{1} + b y_{1} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{1}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{1} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{1}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{1} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | Li I |
| $\mathbf{B_{2}}$ | = | $- x_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{1} + b y_{1} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{1}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{1} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{1}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{1} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | Li I |
| $\mathbf{B_{3}}$ | = | $x_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{2} + b y_{2} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{2}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{2} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{2}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{2} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | Li II |
| $\mathbf{B_{4}}$ | = | $- x_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{2} + b y_{2} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{2}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{2} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{2}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{2} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | Li II |
| $\mathbf{B_{5}}$ | = | $x_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{3} + b y_{3} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{3}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{3} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{3}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{3} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | Li III |
| $\mathbf{B_{6}}$ | = | $- x_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{3} + b y_{3} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{3}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{3} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{3}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{3} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | Li III |
| $\mathbf{B_{7}}$ | = | $x_{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{4} + b y_{4} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{4}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{4} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{4}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{4} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | Li IV |
| $\mathbf{B_{8}}$ | = | $- x_{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{4} + b y_{4} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{4}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{4} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{4}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{4} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | Li IV |
| $\mathbf{B_{9}}$ | = | $x_{5} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{5} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{5} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{5} + b y_{5} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{5}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{5} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{5}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{5} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O I |
| $\mathbf{B_{10}}$ | = | $- x_{5} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{5} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{5} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{5} + b y_{5} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{5}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{5} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{5}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{5} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O I |
| $\mathbf{B_{11}}$ | = | $x_{6} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{6} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{6} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{6} + b y_{6} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{6}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{6} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{6}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{6} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O II |
| $\mathbf{B_{12}}$ | = | $- x_{6} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{6} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{6} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{6} + b y_{6} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{6}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{6} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{6}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{6} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O II |
| $\mathbf{B_{13}}$ | = | $x_{7} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{7} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{7} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{7} + b y_{7} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{7}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{7} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{7}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{7} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O III |
| $\mathbf{B_{14}}$ | = | $- x_{7} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{7} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{7} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{7} + b y_{7} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{7}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{7} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{7}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{7} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O III |
| $\mathbf{B_{15}}$ | = | $x_{8} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{8} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{8} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{8} + b y_{8} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{8}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{8} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{8}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{8} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O IV |
| $\mathbf{B_{16}}$ | = | $- x_{8} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{8} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{8} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{8} + b y_{8} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{8}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{8} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{8}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{8} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O IV |
| $\mathbf{B_{17}}$ | = | $x_{9} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{9} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{9} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{9} + b y_{9} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{9}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{9} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{9}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{9} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O V |
| $\mathbf{B_{18}}$ | = | $- x_{9} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{9} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{9} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{9} + b y_{9} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{9}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{9} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{9}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{9} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O V |
| $\mathbf{B_{19}}$ | = | $x_{10} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{10} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{10} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{10} + b y_{10} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{10}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{10} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{10}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{10} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O VI |
| $\mathbf{B_{20}}$ | = | $- x_{10} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{10} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{10} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{10} + b y_{10} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{10}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{10} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{10}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{10} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O VI |
| $\mathbf{B_{21}}$ | = | $x_{11} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{11} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{11} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{11} + b y_{11} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{11}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{11} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{11}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{11} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O VII |
| $\mathbf{B_{22}}$ | = | $- x_{11} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{11} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{11} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{11} + b y_{11} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{11}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{11} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{11}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{11} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O VII |
| $\mathbf{B_{23}}$ | = | $x_{12} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{12} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{12} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{12} + b y_{12} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{12}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{12} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{12}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{12} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O VIII |
| $\mathbf{B_{24}}$ | = | $- x_{12} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{12} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{12} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{12} + b y_{12} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{12}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{12} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{12}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{12} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | O VIII |
| $\mathbf{B_{25}}$ | = | $x_{13} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{13} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{13} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{13} + b y_{13} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{13}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{13} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{13}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{13} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | W I |
| $\mathbf{B_{26}}$ | = | $- x_{13} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{13} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{13} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{13} + b y_{13} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{13}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{13} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{13}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{13} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | W I |
| $\mathbf{B_{27}}$ | = | $x_{14} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+y_{14} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{14} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\left(a x_{14} + b y_{14} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{14}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\left(b y_{14} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{14}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+c_{z} z_{14} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | W II |
| $\mathbf{B_{28}}$ | = | $- x_{14} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}- y_{14} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}- z_{14} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \left(a x_{14} + b y_{14} \cos{\gamma} + c_{x} z_{14}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \left(b y_{14} \sin{\gamma} + c_{y} z_{14}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}- c_{z} z_{14} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (2i) | W II |
References
- M. Hämmer and H. A. Höppe, New Insights into Alkali Metal Tungstates: The High Temperature Polymorphism of Na$_{2}$WO$_{4}$, the New Polymorph Li$_{2}$WO$_{4}$-V and the Redetermined Crystal Structure of Li$_{2}$W$_{2}$O$_{7}$, Z. Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie 648, 202100373 (2022), doi:10.1002/zaac.202100373.
- S. Yamaoka, O. Fukunaga, T. Ono, E. Iizuka, and S. Asami, Phase Transformations of Li$_{2}$WO$_{4}$ at High Pressure, J. Solid State Chem. 6, 280–285 (1973), doi:10.1016/0022-4596(73)90191-6.
- C. W. F. T. Pistorius, Phase Behavior of Li$_{2}$WO$_{4}$ at High Pressures and Temperatures, J. Solid State Chem. 13, 325–329 (1975), doi:10.1016/0022-4596(75)90147-4.
- I. N. Belyaev, , Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 6, 602 (1961).
First cited in
- N. Anderson, M. J. Mehl, H. Eckert, S. Divilov, X. Campilongo, S. Curtarolo, The AFLOW Library of Crystallographic Prototypes: Part 5. Submitted to Computational Materials Science (2026).
Geometry files
Prototype Generator
aflow --proto=A2B4C_aP28_2_4i_8i_2i --params=$a,b/a,c/a,\alpha,\beta,\gamma,x_{1},y_{1},z_{1},x_{2},y_{2},z_{2},x_{3},y_{3},z_{3},x_{4},y_{4},z_{4},x_{5},y_{5},z_{5},x_{6},y_{6},z_{6},x_{7},y_{7},z_{7},x_{8},y_{8},z_{8},x_{9},y_{9},z_{9},x_{10},y_{10},z_{10},x_{11},y_{11},z_{11},x_{12},y_{12},z_{12},x_{13},y_{13},z_{13},x_{14},y_{14},z_{14}$