γ-Potassium Nitrate (KNO$_{3}$) Structure: ABC3_hR5_160_a_a_b-002
| Prototype | KNO$_{3}$ |
| AFLOW prototype label | ABC3_hR5_160_a_a_b-002 |
| ICSD | 384 |
| Pearson symbol | hR5 |
| Space group number | 160 |
| Space group symbol | $R3m$ |
| AFLOW prototype command |
aflow --proto=ABC3_hR5_160_a_a_b-002
--params=$a, \allowbreak c/a, \allowbreak x_{1}, \allowbreak x_{2}, \allowbreak x_{3}, \allowbreak z_{3}$ |
Other compounds with this structure
NH$_{4}$ClO$_{4}$, BaTiO$_{3}$
- On heating, $\alpha$–KNO$_{3}$ (either Structure I or Structure II) transforms into $\beta$–KNO$_{3}$ at 128$^\circ$C. When heated above 200$^\circ$C and then cooled, the $\beta$ phase transforms into the metastable ferroelectric $\gamma$–KNO$_{3}$ phase, which can remain down to room temperature.
- (Nimmo, 1976) give the data for $\gamma$–KNO$_{3}$ taken at 91$^\circ$C.
- Although this is isostructural with the KBrO$_{3}$ ($G0_{7}$) structure, we have included it here to facilitate the comparison of the various KNO$_{3}$ phases.
- $\gamma$–KNO$_{3}$ and KBrO$_{3}$ ($G0_{7}$) have the same AFLOW prototype label, ABC3_hR5_160_a_a_b. They are generated by the same symmetry operations with different sets of parameters (
--params) specified in their corresponding CIF files. - Hexagonal settings rhombohedral structures can be obtained with the option
--hex.
\[ \begin{array}{ccc}
\mathbf{a_{1}}&=&\frac{1}{2}a \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}a \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+\frac{1}{3}c \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}\\\mathbf{a_{2}}&=&\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}a \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+\frac{1}{3}c \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}\\\mathbf{a_{3}}&=&- \frac{1}{2}a \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}- \frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}a \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+\frac{1}{3}c \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}
\end{array}\]
Basis vectors
| Lattice coordinates | Cartesian coordinates | Wyckoff position | Atom type | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $\mathbf{B_{1}}$ | = | $x_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+x_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+x_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $c x_{1} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (1a) | K I |
| $\mathbf{B_{2}}$ | = | $x_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+x_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+x_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $c x_{2} \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (1a) | N I |
| $\mathbf{B_{3}}$ | = | $x_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+x_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+z_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $\frac{1}{2}a \left(x_{3} - z_{3}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}a \left(x_{3} - z_{3}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+\frac{1}{3}c \left(2 x_{3} + z_{3}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (3b) | O I |
| $\mathbf{B_{4}}$ | = | $z_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+x_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+x_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \frac{1}{2}a \left(x_{3} - z_{3}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}a \left(x_{3} - z_{3}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+\frac{1}{3}c \left(2 x_{3} + z_{3}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (3b) | O I |
| $\mathbf{B_{5}}$ | = | $x_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}+z_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{2}+x_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{3}$ | = | $- \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}a \left(x_{3} - z_{3}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{y}}+\frac{1}{3}c \left(2 x_{3} + z_{3}\right) \,\mathbf{\hat{z}}$ | (3b) | O I |
References
- J. K. Nimmo and B. W. Lucas, The crystal structures of γ-and β-KNO3 and the α-β-γ phase transformations, Acta Crystallogr. Sect. B 32 (1976), doi:10.1107/S0567740876006894.
Found in
- R. T. Downs and M. Hall-Wallace, The American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database, Am. Mineral. 88, 247–250 (2003).
Prototype Generator
aflow --proto=ABC3_hR5_160_a_a_b --params=$a,c/a,x_{1},x_{2},x_{3},z_{3}$